By: Themba Joseph Thomas Latha AmaGcina namaYirha According to Mr. MPUMELELO MAKULIWE, he narrate as follow: "Ngethuba ndandisakuvela kumaziko osasazo abantu ke balo mlibo wamaGcina namaYirha bathi bavela ngokuvela bebuzisa ngesi sizwe. U-Andile Njengele waseKhayelitsha eKapa ngomnyaka wowe-2002 wavel’ebuza esithi: “Mnumzana uMakuliwe, ndibhala ndisemincilini ngomsebenzi omhle nomkhulu osenzele wona. Ndikwathatha eli thuba, ndithi kuwe maz'enethole. 1. Mna ke mhlekazi ndikweliya lakuCentane ngemveli, ndinguMyirha, Kula, Mzondi, Ziyeka. Ndifuna undityatyadulele ngamaYirha nentsukaphi yawo, wakugqiba undixelele ukuba adibene njani na namaGcina, kuba kweliya lakuthi ezi zindlu zidibene kodwa ndithe ndakufika apha eNtshona Koloni ndafumana ukuba kukho abayaziyo nabangayaziyo le nto kwezi zindlu zombini.” 2. UDudula, C.F. waseMasizakhe eRhafu ngomnyaka wowe-2004 wabhala wathi: “Mnumzana uMakuliwe, ndifuna ukuqonda ngamaYirha, ooZondi, ooThambo lenyoka lihlaba elimzondayo ukuba ngaba badibana njani na namaGcina, ooTyhopho ooNokwindla. Ngoba ndazi mna okokuba uMgcina ngumntwana wentombi yasemaYirheni eyamfumana elizweni leentlanga, aza athi amaYirha siza kuligcina olu sana apha kuthi. Baza ke bakulugcina usana olo laba nguMgcina, uTyhopho, uNokwindla. Buthini ubunyani bale nkcazelo? OoXhamela bona bayini apha kwaZondi? Kuba ndikhumbula ngomfihlo katata uWalter Sisulu isithethi se-ANC Women League sathi: ‘Hamba kakuhle Xhamela amaYirha akulindile.’ Badibana njani ooXhamela namaYirha?” Xa siphendula umbuzo ngemvelaphi yamaGcina, singathi ithi imbali: AmaGcina asuka kumlibo wamaXhosa, kuthiwa ayazalana namaNqabe. Kuthiwa aba bantu bakhe bagciniswa ngamaXhosa amangcwaba asemaMpondweni, elikaTogu eQhokoma eNgqeleni nelikaNgconde eCumngce. Xa silandela umnombo wamaGcina kuthiwa: “UMgcina uzala uXhamela; uXhamela ozala uGadlume; uGadlume ozala uBhili; uBhili ozala uPhatho; uPhatho ozala uTyhopho; uTyhopho uzele uMpangele undlunkulu; waze wazala uGecelo indlu yesibini; waze wazala uMhlontlo indlu yesithathu. UMpangele uzala uMhlaba; uMhlaba ozala uZwelixolile. (BaseGlen Grey). UGecelo uzala uMalangeni; uMalangeni ozala uNgonyama; uNgonyama ozala uDaluhlanga. (BaseXhalanga). UMhlontlo uzala uValelo; uValelo ozala uGwebindlala.(BaseGlen Grey).” AmaGcina ke namhlanje aziinkosi phantsi kwesizwe sabaThembu. Ibali lamaGcina siza kulilanda ngokubaliswa kwalo ziingcali ngeengcali ezazi iimbali zabantu abaNtsundu baseMzantsi Afrika. 3. UZanoxolo Khobo, ongumGcina kwimbalelwano yakhe awandenzela yona, ngowe-2002, esi sizwe samaGcina wasichaza ngolu hlobo: “AmaGcina la, sisizwe esiphuma kumaXhosa omthonyama. Yiqaphele le nto xa umGcina nomYirha benza umsebenzi, nokuba baqaba umntwana, benza into enye. AmaGcina azalwa yintombi yomThwakazi, le ntombi yafunyanwa ehlathini nodade wayo uTiya, yona inguTiyazana. Le ntombi yayintle kakhulu nto nje inebele elinye. Yiyo le nto sithi xa sinqula singooNokwindla, Umfaz'obele linye phesheya komlanjana, ooXhamela. Le ntombi yagcinwa endlwini yayo eyodwa komkhulu. Kuthe kanti umhlekazi umana etyelela le ntokazi yaze yabonwa sele inzima. Izele iduna uNokwindla. UNokwindla uzele izindlu ezimbini uYirha inkulu noXhamela ukunene. Aba bantu babizwa ngokuba ngamaGcina kuba ngabo ebebegciniswa ngamaXhosa amangcwaba. Kuthe kuba uYirha eyinkulu yamaGcina akwavisiswana ngezinto ezithile zatsho zohlulelana izindlu zamaGcina zatsho zambini. Kwatsho kwakho ekaYirha nekaXhamela. Bezidibana xa zenza imisebenzi kangangokuba nanamhlanje oku ukuba uXhamela akanayo inkomo yentambo uyaxhwitha emaYirheni, ngokunjalo namaYirha. OoXhamela ke ibe ingabazingeli yiyo le nto xa kunqulwa uXhamela kuthiwa ngooMalamb' endle adl'inyamakazi. Esi sizwe sazibalula ngobugorha ukanti abanye basazi njengamasela. Yiyo le nto uva umGcina esithi xa enqula: “Into yomntu yeyam, igusha sisiduli sethafa, ibhokhwe ngumnqabaza wehlathi, Xhamela.” Ekunyangeni siyazibalula esi sizwe ukanti saziwa kakhulu njengesentwaso. Sasikwazibalula ekwenzeni izixhobo yile nto kuthiwa ngooButsolo bentonga. 4. Umba wobuMpondomise nobuThembu uza ngolu hlobo: Esi sizwe besinomsebenzi wokulinda imihlaba ekungcwatywe kuyo iinkosi zamaXhosa, lo msebenzi besiwenza namaNqabe. Aye ohlukana nalo msebenzi esakube esisizwe esikhulu aneenkosi zawo. Ngexesha kufika abaThembu baye bamelana. Baye baqala ukwendiselana, ibekho ingxabano ngexesha likaNgubengcuka ngokuthi athimbe oonozakuzaku ababeye kucela intombi apho kuloo mzi wabaThembu, abanye babulawa ngokweyeliselwa. Kuye kwaphela ukwendiselana kwezi zizwe. Ezi ziganeko zonke zenze ukuba amaGcina aziwe ngobuMpondomise engengawo, nangobuThembu engengobaThembu. Ngexesha lamaMfengu zibe ninzi iingxwaba-ngxwaba ezasukela ekubeni abeLungu basebenzise amaMfengu ukufaka iimfundiso zabo, awazange aginyeke emaXhoseni ukususela ngoko amaMfengu. AmaGcina ebesithi xa ethatha iigusha zabantu athi ziziduli zethafa. Kuthiwa amaMfengu anikwa amahashe ngooyise amaBhulu. Kuthiwa athi amaGcina, “Thina maGcina sakuthenga iisali kuphela amahashe siwafumane emaMfengwini. Siwabethe sakugqiba aye kuxela kooyise amaBhulu. IMfengu ayinasiko.” Share
By: Themba Joseph Thomas Latha
AmaGcina namaYirha According to Mr. MPUMELELO MAKULIWE, he narrate as follow: "Ngethuba ndandisakuvela kumaziko osasazo abantu ke balo mlibo wamaGcina namaYirha bathi bavela ngokuvela bebuzisa ngesi sizwe. U-Andile Njengele waseKhayelitsha eKapa ngomnyaka wowe-2002 wavel’ebuza esithi: “Mnumzana uMakuliwe, ndibhala ndisemincilini ngomsebenzi omhle nomkhulu osenzele wona. Ndikwathatha eli thuba, ndithi kuwe maz'enethole. 1. Mna ke mhlekazi ndikweliya lakuCentane ngemveli, ndinguMyirha, Kula, Mzondi, Ziyeka. Ndifuna undityatyadulele ngamaYirha nentsukaphi yawo, wakugqiba undixelele ukuba adibene njani na namaGcina, kuba kweliya lakuthi ezi zindlu zidibene kodwa ndithe ndakufika apha eNtshona Koloni ndafumana ukuba kukho abayaziyo nabangayaziyo le nto kwezi zindlu zombini.” 2. UDudula, C.F. waseMasizakhe eRhafu ngomnyaka wowe-2004 wabhala wathi: “Mnumzana uMakuliwe, ndifuna ukuqonda ngamaYirha, ooZondi, ooThambo lenyoka lihlaba elimzondayo ukuba ngaba badibana njani na namaGcina, ooTyhopho ooNokwindla. Ngoba ndazi mna okokuba uMgcina ngumntwana wentombi yasemaYirheni eyamfumana elizweni leentlanga, aza athi amaYirha siza kuligcina olu sana apha kuthi. Baza ke bakulugcina usana olo laba nguMgcina, uTyhopho, uNokwindla. Buthini ubunyani bale nkcazelo? OoXhamela bona bayini apha kwaZondi? Kuba ndikhumbula ngomfihlo katata uWalter Sisulu isithethi se-ANC Women League sathi: ‘Hamba kakuhle Xhamela amaYirha akulindile.’ Badibana njani ooXhamela namaYirha?” Xa siphendula umbuzo ngemvelaphi yamaGcina, singathi ithi imbali: AmaGcina asuka kumlibo wamaXhosa, kuthiwa ayazalana namaNqabe. Kuthiwa aba bantu bakhe bagciniswa ngamaXhosa amangcwaba asemaMpondweni, elikaTogu eQhokoma eNgqeleni nelikaNgconde eCumngce. Xa silandela umnombo wamaGcina kuthiwa: “UMgcina uzala uXhamela; uXhamela ozala uGadlume; uGadlume ozala uBhili; uBhili ozala uPhatho; uPhatho ozala uTyhopho; uTyhopho uzele uMpangele undlunkulu; waze wazala uGecelo indlu yesibini; waze wazala uMhlontlo indlu yesithathu. UMpangele uzala uMhlaba; uMhlaba ozala uZwelixolile. (BaseGlen Grey). UGecelo uzala uMalangeni; uMalangeni ozala uNgonyama; uNgonyama ozala uDaluhlanga. (BaseXhalanga). UMhlontlo uzala uValelo; uValelo ozala uGwebindlala.(BaseGlen Grey).” AmaGcina ke namhlanje aziinkosi phantsi kwesizwe sabaThembu. Ibali lamaGcina siza kulilanda ngokubaliswa kwalo ziingcali ngeengcali ezazi iimbali zabantu abaNtsundu baseMzantsi Afrika. 3. UZanoxolo Khobo, ongumGcina kwimbalelwano yakhe awandenzela yona, ngowe-2002, esi sizwe samaGcina wasichaza ngolu hlobo: “AmaGcina la, sisizwe esiphuma kumaXhosa omthonyama. Yiqaphele le nto xa umGcina nomYirha benza umsebenzi, nokuba baqaba umntwana, benza into enye. AmaGcina azalwa yintombi yomThwakazi, le ntombi yafunyanwa ehlathini nodade wayo uTiya, yona inguTiyazana. Le ntombi yayintle kakhulu nto nje inebele elinye. Yiyo le nto sithi xa sinqula singooNokwindla, Umfaz'obele linye phesheya komlanjana, ooXhamela. Le ntombi yagcinwa endlwini yayo eyodwa komkhulu. Kuthe kanti umhlekazi umana etyelela le ntokazi yaze yabonwa sele inzima. Izele iduna uNokwindla. UNokwindla uzele izindlu ezimbini uYirha inkulu noXhamela ukunene. Aba bantu babizwa ngokuba ngamaGcina kuba ngabo ebebegciniswa ngamaXhosa amangcwaba. Kuthe kuba uYirha eyinkulu yamaGcina akwavisiswana ngezinto ezithile zatsho zohlulelana izindlu zamaGcina zatsho zambini. Kwatsho kwakho ekaYirha nekaXhamela. Bezidibana xa zenza imisebenzi kangangokuba nanamhlanje oku ukuba uXhamela akanayo inkomo yentambo uyaxhwitha emaYirheni, ngokunjalo namaYirha. OoXhamela ke ibe ingabazingeli yiyo le nto xa kunqulwa uXhamela kuthiwa ngooMalamb' endle adl'inyamakazi. Esi sizwe sazibalula ngobugorha ukanti abanye basazi njengamasela. Yiyo le nto uva umGcina esithi xa enqula: “Into yomntu yeyam, igusha sisiduli sethafa, ibhokhwe ngumnqabaza wehlathi, Xhamela.” Ekunyangeni siyazibalula esi sizwe ukanti saziwa kakhulu njengesentwaso. Sasikwazibalula ekwenzeni izixhobo yile nto kuthiwa ngooButsolo bentonga. 4. Umba wobuMpondomise nobuThembu uza ngolu hlobo: Esi sizwe besinomsebenzi wokulinda imihlaba ekungcwatywe kuyo iinkosi zamaXhosa, lo msebenzi besiwenza namaNqabe. Aye ohlukana nalo msebenzi esakube esisizwe esikhulu aneenkosi zawo. Ngexesha kufika abaThembu baye bamelana. Baye baqala ukwendiselana, ibekho ingxabano ngexesha likaNgubengcuka ngokuthi athimbe oonozakuzaku ababeye kucela intombi apho kuloo mzi wabaThembu, abanye babulawa ngokweyeliselwa. Kuye kwaphela ukwendiselana kwezi zizwe. Ezi ziganeko zonke zenze ukuba amaGcina aziwe ngobuMpondomise engengawo, nangobuThembu engengobaThembu. Ngexesha lamaMfengu zibe ninzi iingxwaba-ngxwaba ezasukela ekubeni abeLungu basebenzise amaMfengu ukufaka iimfundiso zabo, awazange aginyeke emaXhoseni ukususela ngoko amaMfengu. AmaGcina ebesithi xa ethatha iigusha zabantu athi ziziduli zethafa. Kuthiwa amaMfengu anikwa amahashe ngooyise amaBhulu. Kuthiwa athi amaGcina, “Thina maGcina sakuthenga iisali kuphela amahashe siwafumane emaMfengwini. Siwabethe sakugqiba aye kuxela kooyise amaBhulu. IMfengu ayinasiko.”